The Fashions Of Regency England : 1795 – 1837

Jun. 10th 2013

Today we have a guest blogger from England. Kevin has written for us before and we love his posts. Last time was about a true English tea. Today we are talking about Fashion of Regency England. This would have been around the time Belle Grove’s main section was built. Seeing this you can image the people walking around Belle Grove after it was built. Just lovely!

Thank you Kevin!

During the last decade 18th Century George III was becoming noticeably more and more deranged. Elsewhere America declared it’s independence and the introduction of the guillotine in France sent shockwaves through the wealthy and privileged classes of Europe.

Marie Antoinette of France -  1778

Marie Antoinette of France – 1778

Miss Constable, 1787

Miss Constable, 1787

Regency Fashion -  1820 to 1850

Regency Fashion – 1820 to 1850

The Regency era in the United Kingdom is generally accepted as the period between 1795 and 1837. Effectively it combines the decline of George III’s rule, the period between 1811 and 1820 when the King was deemed unfit to rule and his son, the Prince of Wales was granted the title of Prince Regent to rule in his fathers name, and the period from 1820 when the Prince Regent became George IV on the death of his father until 1837 when Queen Victoria succeeded to the throne and a new era.

Fashion for a Regency Ball

Fashion for a Regency Ball

Banqueting Room of the Royal Pavillion, Brighton. Nash

Banqueting Room of the Royal Pavillion, Brighton. Nash

Royal Pavilion, Brighton, E. Sussex

Royal Pavilion, Brighton, E. Sussex

The ‘Regency era’ was characterized by distinctive trends in British architecture, literature, fashion, politics, and culture. Paradoxically it was a time of both excess and uncertainty for the aristocracy. The excesses were due to a sort of mini-Renaissance of culture and refinement amongst the upper classes lead by one of the greatest patrons of the arts, the Prince Regent himself: his excesses included the costly building and refurbishing of the exotic Brighton Pavilion. The uncertainty was caused by several factors including the Napoleonic wars, periodic rioting, and the concern that the British people might attempt to imitate the upheavals of the French Revolution.

1819 Journal des Dames

1819 Journal des Dames

Outdoor Regency Fashion - 1800

Outdoor Regency Fashion – 1800

But fashion is fashion the world over. European and European-influenced fashion during this period saw the final triumph of informal styles over the lace, wigs and powders of earlier centuries. After all, who in these troubled times would want to even appear to be a member of the French aristocracy.

For women’s dress, the day to day outfit of the skirt and jacket style were practical and tactful, recalling the working class woman whilst fashions followed classical ideals. Visible breasts were part of this classical look, and some characterized the breasts in fashion as solely aesthetic and sexual. Dresses were closely fitted to the torso just under the bust, falling loosely below and tightly laced corsets were abandoned in favour of a more natural high-waisted style that emphasized the body beneath the clothing.

Regency Fashion - Daywear 1802

Regency Fashion – Daywear 1802

Regency Fashion - High Waisted Dancing Dress 1810

Regency Fashion – High Waisted Dancing Dress 1810

Regency Fashion - High waisted gowns 1794-1802

Regency Fashion – High waisted gowns 1794-1802

Neo-classical tastes began to allow soft, loose skirts and blouses made of white, almost transparent muslin’s that could be easily washed and draped loosely around the body. Since the finer fabric clung to the body, revealing what was underneath, it made it possible for middle and upper class women to wear clothes that were not very confining or cumbersome, whilst still being considered decently and fashionably dressed.

Regency Fashion - A lighter, more comfortable corset - 1819

Regency Fashion – A lighter, more comfortable corset – 1819

Regency Fashion - Underclothes

Regency Fashion – Underclothes

During this period, the same neo-classical influence extended to hairstyles. Masses of curls were worn over the forehead and ears, with the longer back hair drawn up into loose ‘confections’ For the first time in centuries, respectable but daringly fashionable women would leave the house without a hat or bonnet, previously something more often associated with prostitutes.

Regency Fashion - Evening Dress

Regency Fashion – Evening Dress

The ground-breaking shifts and changes that occurred in fashion at the turn of the 19th century granted people the opportunity to present new public exterior identities that provided insights into their individual private selves.

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Posted by Michelle Darnell | in General History | 18 Comments »

James Madison Museum

Oct. 29th 2012

James Madison Museum
Orange, Virginia
www.thejamesmadisonmuseum.org

After a great night sleep and a wonderful breakfast at the Mayhurst Inn, Brett and I headed to our first meeting for day at James Madison Museum in Orange, Virginia.  Brett and I had wanted to talk with them about forming a working relationship. Through our connection with James Madison, we felt that together we could offer those who are interested in and love James Madison a great experience in discovering the man.

The James Madison Museum was established in 1976. The museum exhibits personal items, papers and furnishing of James and Dolley Madison. There are also other related items that connect to the Madisons and the town of Orange. When you pull up to the building, you may at first think that is just a small museum with limited items, but that would be far from the truth. This building extends to two floors and has items I would have never guessed that would have been there.

Dr. Smith
President of the James Madison Museum

When we arrived, we were warmly greeted by Bethany, the museum’s curator and former docent at Montpelier. She introduced us to the President of the James Madison Museum, Dr. Smith. Dr. Smith started guiding us through the museum pointing out some of the precious items they have on display.

The oldest dishes in Orange, Virginia

The display we saw was a feature display of Civil War artifacts. There were beautiful dresses of days gone by. It would have been easy to see Melanie from Gone with the Wind wearing them. She also pointed out a display of a sailor in “cracker jacks” with an arm band showing that he had served on the USS James Madison. The USS James Madison was a Navy Submarine that has since been retired. Brett and I were drawn to this display, not only because Brett also served on a submarine, but because we have had the honor of meeting and becoming friends with an Officer who served on the James Madison.

Sailor in his “cracker jacks”
USS James Madison on his shoulder

James Madison’s Chair
He sat in this chair while he wrote the Bill of Rights

Dr. Smith guided us into the main display room where she pointed out a chair. This chair belonged to James Madison and was the chair that he wrote the Bill of Rights in! How hard it was not to reach out and touch this wonderful piece! Above the chair were portraits of James Madison as well as statues of him sitting nearby. I mention to Dr. Smith and Bethany that we had just purchased an engraving of James Madison. Bethany got excited and asked me if I wanted to see the portrait the engraving was done from.  Wow what a difference in what he was in this portrait and what the engrave made him.

Portrait of James Madison
age 82
This is the portrait used to make our engraving portrait

Our James Madison engraving portrait

At this display, they had several personal items from Dolley Madison. There was a black shawl of hers and a baby’s cap that she made. There were other displays of other presidents of Virginia here too. Did you know that Virginia has given America the most Presidents? There have been eight US Presidents born in Virginia: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, William Harrison, John Tyler, Zachary Taylor, and Woodrow Wilson.

Black Shawl circa 1800s
Owned and worn by Dolley Madison

Baby Cap circa 1815-1820
Embroidered by Dolley Madison for her friend Mary Dabney Hoomes

After viewing this case, we walked back to the conference room to have our meeting. In the conference room, we had a chance to see a piano forte that was built in 1884. They had stored it here until they could find a new home for it. Who knows, maybe one day you might see it at Belle Grove.

Brett looks at the piano forte
Built in 1884

Piano Forte
Built in 1884

During our meeting we discussed our goals with Belle Grove and what we had to go through before we open. We were so excited to find out that Dr. Smith is a master gardener and works with the Master Gardeners of Virginia. She told us that she would love to be able to help with the landscaping and would be happy to offer suggestion and advice on what to plant to represent the plants of Virginia and its history in gardens. We have a goal of establishing a formal walking garden at Belle Grove. We would like to have a representation of the temple at Montpelier to grace the center of this garden. She told us she would be happy to help us make this garden one of the best.

Sadly, Dr. Smith had another appointment and wasn’t able to stay with us long. But both she and the James Madison Museum have offered any help we need to and would love to be a partner with us to make Belle Grove Plantation one of the best plantations in Virginia.

After our meeting, Bethany walked us around and showed us more of the museum. She even showed us some of the items that weren’t on display! What a treat that was! We showed her our artifacts from Belle Grove and told her about our hopes in doing some archaeological digs at Belle Grove. We would love to be able to find something that would be connected with the Conway family and James Madison.

James Madison

James Madison

James Madison
This is one of my favorite portraits of him

Fruit Dish owned by the Madisons
Note the “M” in the center
This is a French piece. Dolley loved anything French.

This is a letter written by George Washington

George Washington’s signature
In his own hand!

A copy of the Virginia Constitution

Colonial Money 1751
Printed by Benjamin Franklin

Dress Styles that Dolley Madison made popular

Sheer Hindu Gown
Printed Fabric over Cream Cotton Lining
Circa 1840s

Purple Moire Gown with Dark Purple Velvet Trim
Circa 1840s-1850s
Ivory Silk Brocade Shawl
Circa 1840s – 1850s

Striped Silk Gown with Military Trim
Circa 1815

Ivory Silk Gown
Circa 1815 – 1820

Printed Organdy Gown
Circa 1815 – 1820

Bed owned by Zachary Taylor

Horse Drawn Sleigh
Circa 1816

Man’s Jacket
1700s
Not on display – check out the sleeves!

Man’s Jacket (back)
1700s
Not on display

Patient Medicine Bottle
Still has the medicine and stopper!

Patient Medicine Bottle
(back) – Not on display

Ramon’s Pink Pills Circa 1940s
For Sick Headache, Sluggish Bowels, Biliousness due to temporary Constipation
Contains Strychnine and Belladonna among others
not on display

Before we left, we collected some books from the book sale. These books will go to Belle Grove’s library and will be available to our guest to read. Bethany also gave us several books on James and Dolley Madison and even a PBS video of Dolley Madison! Brett and I watched it later that evening at the plantation. It was a very revealing look at the life of Dolley Madison. I would recommend this video if you want to get to know the woman who made James Madison president!

When we left we realized that we had spent almost three hours looking at the displays, talking with Bethany and wondering in awe at the pieces the unassuming museum had collected! We have driven by this museum so many times. After spending the time to see it now, we just want to shoot ourselves for waiting so long to stop and see it! If you are in the area of Orange or Charlottesville, Virginia and you love or have an interest in James Madison, you must stop here to see the collection. It will be well worth your time! Tell them Belle Grove sent you!

To see more pictures from the James Madison Museum

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Don’t forget our Silent Auction!

It will be ending soon!

Posted by Michelle Darnell | in Year of the Virginia Historic Homes | 23 Comments »